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Julio González
(Barcelona, 1876 – París, 1942)
Author's artworks
19th-20th Century Spanish
The son of a family of Catalan goldsmiths, González learned how to forge metal at a very early age. Trained at the School of Fine Arts of Barcelona and at
Círculo Artístico de Sant Lluc
(1893) an art society committed to Christian principles that was formed as a moral reaction against the “bohemian” postulates of the Círculo Artístico de Barcelona. Founded by the brothers Josep and Joan Llimona, it viewed art as a transcendent mission. The group was consecrated to the Sacred Heart, under the patronage of St Luke the Apostle, taking the future archbishop Josep Torras i Bages (1846-1916) as its spiritual guide. The group had its first exhibition at Sala Parés in Barcelona, the year it was founded. Other members of the group were the artists Antoni Utrillo and Antoni Gaudí, and the writer Eugeni d’Ors, among others.
, he also frequented the Els Quatre Gats café, the meeting place par excellence of Catalan practitioners of Modernismo, the Spanish variation of Art Noveau, and its offshoot post-Modernismo.
In 1900 he moved with his family to Paris, where he contacted artists of the stature of Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) and Pablo Gargallo (1881-1934), exhibiting at the new
Salon des Indépendants
An annual exhibition organised in Paris by the Société des Artistes Indépendants, a society formed in 1884 with the goal of showing works by all artists who claimed the independence of their art from academicism. It was created to respond to the rigid traditionalism of the Salon organised by the
Académie des Beaux-Arts
and was presented with the slogan
sans jury ni récompense
(without jury nor reward). Its founders included Odilon Redon (1840-1916), Georges Seurat (1859-1891) and Paul Signac (1863-1935). During the three decades following its inception, its annual exhibitions set the trends in modern art.
in 1915 and 1916. In 1918 he entered the Soudure Autogène Française as an apprentice welder and improved his metalworking techniques. In spite of his beginnings as a painter, in 1927 he abandoned it definitively in favour of sculpture.
The following decade marked the peak of González’s career as an artist. In 1931 he collaborated with Picasso in making the sculpture
Femme au jardin
, currently at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía. That same year he joined the
Cercle et Carré
A movement created in 1929 in Paris by Joaquín Torres-García (1874-1949) and Michel Seuphor (1901-1999) with the goal of promoting the work of abstract artists ascribed to Constructivism. It was active only for one year, during which they published three issues of the magazine with the same name:
Cercle et Carré
.
art group and in 1934 he signed the
Abstraction-Création
manifesto with Pablo Picasso, Fernand Léger (1881-1955) and Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944). For the Spanish Pavilion at the International Paris Exposition in 1937 he created
La Montserrat
, a sculpture through which he strove to address Spain’s social problems and the pain of war.
He died suddenly in Paris five years later.