José Luis Zumeta

(Usurbil, Guipúzcoa, 1939 - San Sebastian, 2020)

Author's artworks
20th-21st Century. Spanish

José Luis Zumeta’s first incursions into the art world took place when the painter was still in his teens. At the age of fourteen he enrolled at the School of Arts and Crafts in San Sebastian and in several courses imparted at the Guipuzcoa Artists Association. That same year he also started working at Gráficas Valverde, the graphic arts company where he accrued direct experience in the various printing techniques.

His sojourn in Paris in 1959 proved instrumental for his later career. There he got in touch with other fellow painters from San Sebastian and was introduced to the happening trends of the time through artists that would have a profound influence on his style: Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), Marc Chagall (1887-1985), Willem de Kooning (1904-1997) as well as the
, especially Karel Appel (1921-2006), one of the group’s co-founders. Back in Spain he began to collaborate with the sculptor Remigio Mendiburu (1931-1990) and he had his first solo exhibition at the Municipal Art Hall of San Sebastian in 1962. By this time, his painting had already embraced a brand of abstraction built through horizontal stripes rendered in pure colours.

In 1966, as an active member of the
, he and other informel artists from Guipuzcoa founded the
, with whom he would exhibit his work until it disbanded in 1969. He was also involved in other collective attempts to connect Basque art, then deeply rooted in the local tradition, with the international art scene, perhaps most famously the 1972
. It was also around this time when he started teaching.

Among the works Zumeta produced in 1967-1968, a particular mention is deserved for his reliefs based on the arrangement of wooden planes, where his experimentation with organic forms and bright tones is already noticeable. These features would become recurrent in his later painting, albeit rendered in more flexible, richer and complex brushwork. After a period dominated by grey matter-based backdrops and defined by more highly organized and simplified composition (1975-1977), in 1978 there was a certain rapprochement with
. Zumeta’s work took an eminently figurative approach—his pieces would always be half-way between abstraction and figuration—and engaged in social critique. It would not be until 1989 when his work would be considered wholly abstract again.

As from the 1980s onwards the artist exhibited his work regularly in many shows, most notably in the retrospective held in 1990 at the Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao and Museo San Telmo in San Sebastian, where he had presented his work on previous occasions. Throughout the following years his practice underwent constant transformation, with the artist involved in the most varied projects, including his participation in Izenik Gabe 200x133 (Untitled 200x133), a documentary exploring his creative process.

José Luis Zumeta died at the age of eighty-one at his home in San Sebastian. He is now recognized as a key player in the Basque artistic avant-garde whose extensive, wide-ranging work, always predicated on the expressiveness of colour, was essential in overcoming the isolation and conservatism of post-war Spain.