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José Frau
(Vigo, 1898 - Madrid, 1976)
Paisaje
n.d.
oil on panel
85 x 130 cm
Inv. no. 2201
BBVA Collection Spain
A magnificent and original work by this Galician artist trained in Madrid.
Having taken his first steps as a painter with Antonio de la Torre (1868-1918) and Eugenio Hermoso (1883-1963), he studied Fine Arts in Madrid with Antonio Muñoz Degraín (1840-1924). In 1925 he exhibited at the Sociedad de Artistas Ibéricos (
Iberian Artists Society
Association founded in 1925 by art critics, artists and writers. Its mission was to align Spanish art with the avant-garde movements in Europe. Its most relevant contributions included a significant number of essays on art theory (until then virtually absent from Spain’s art scene); a first manifesto in 1925 and two more in 1932; the publication of the magazine Arte; and exhibitions in several European cities. The association disbanded after just one year but re-emerged six years later to continue promoting Spanish art until 1936.
), and from 1947 he took up residence in America, returning to Spain in 1964, when he settled in Madrid.
His work in the twenties tended towards a
Magic Realism
this entailed the introduction of everyday real images into a space that does not belong to them, and in so doing creating a strange and unexpected effect.
derived from the symbolist naturalism of his mentor, Muñoz Degraín, Later, around the forties and fifties, it evolved towards a kind of imaginary landscape in which the forms become less graphic and give way to an atmosphere imbued with spirituality.
This
Landscape
is from the latter period. It is not conceived according to a traditional, descriptive model, with the buildings clearly defined, but rather with all the elements seeming to dissolve into an ethereal background which reflects their vital spirit. There is no orthodox composition here; the artist uses textural brushstrokes which blur the outlines to get away from traditional perspective. This idiom of using thick impasto to represent landscapes in the Castilian Meseta with grey, black and earthy tones links him to the First
School of Vallecas
(1927-1936) founded in 1927 by Benjamín Palencia and Alberto Sánchez with the purpose of renewing Spanish art in line with what was happening elsewhere in Europe. Landscape became the main subject matter of this school, albeit a highly sober landscape influenced by Hispanic primitivism, fauvist colour, a surrealist approach and cubist order. The starting point was the arid, barren land on the outskirts of Madrid in the direction of Toledo, stripped of any superfluous object and worked with economic brushwork and a palette of earthy tones. This take on landscape straddled tradition and modernism. The School of Vallecas disbanded with the outbreak of the Civil War, although it was the only school to rise from its ashes, reborn in the Second School of Vallecas (1939-1942).
of Alberto Sánchez (1895-1962) and Benjamín Palencia (1894-1980).
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